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Acute compartment syndrome — USMLE Step 2 CK MCQ

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EasySurgeryAcute compartment syndromeUSMLE Step 2 CK

A 37-year-old White man comes to the hospital because of progressive symptoms. History and focused examination are notable for severe pain after tibial fracture with pain on passive stretch. Temperature is 98.6°F (37.0°C), blood pressure is 126/78 mmHg, pulse is 84/min, respirations are 16/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical examination confirms the key finding and shows no unrelated abnormality that would better explain the presentation. Focused laboratory studies and imaging support an acute surgical process without suggesting a safer outpatient approach. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Acute compartment syndrome

The vignette describes Acute compartment syndrome, supported by severe pain after tibial fracture with pain on passive stretch. Acute compartment syndrome is the single best answer because it matches the diagnostic or management priority in this clinical setting. The other choices are plausible alternatives in related presentations, but they do not best fit the timing, findings, and guideline-directed approach described here.

Reference: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Compartment Syndrome Guidance