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Polycystic ovary syndrome — USMLE Step 3 MCQ

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EasyOB/GYN (prenatal care, contraception, screening)Polycystic ovary syndromeUSMLE Step 3

A 28-year-old woman has 8 months of oligomenorrhea, acne, and increased facial hair. BMI is 34 kg/m2. Pregnancy test is negative. Total testosterone is mildly elevated, TSH and prolactin are normal, and pelvic ultrasonography shows enlarged ovaries with multiple peripheral follicles. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: C — Polycystic ovary syndrome

Oligo-ovulation with hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian morphology after excluding common mimics supports PCOS.

Reference: Endocrine Society PCOS guideline; ACOG guidance