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Paediatric dehydration from gastroenteritis — MCCQE Part 1 MCQ

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EasyDiarrheaPaediatric dehydration from gastroenteritisMCCQE Part 1

20-month-old child presents with vomiting and watery diarrhoea. He is mildly dehydrated but alert and able to drink. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?

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Correct answer: E — Give oral rehydration solution in small frequent volumes

Give oral rehydration solution in small frequent volumes is best because mild to moderate dehydration is treated with oral rehydration when tolerated. Provide only reassurance without clear follow-up or safety-netting is suboptimal because children can deteriorate quickly and follow-up must be explicit; Use adult dosing or adult pathways without paediatric adjustment is suboptimal because children require age- and weight-appropriate care; Delay assessment until the next routine visit is suboptimal because developmental, infectious and neonatal red flags require timely assessment; Give antibiotics, steroids or investigations routinely despite no indication is suboptimal because over-treatment can cause harm when supportive or targeted care is indicated. ORS is preferred to sports drinks or juice.

Reference: Canadian Paediatric Society gastroenteritis guidance