SCD – penicillin prophylaxis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ
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Correct answer: B — Amoxicillin
Oral amoxicillin (or phenoxymethylpenicillin) prophylaxis is recommended for all children with SCD from diagnosis until at least age 5 (some guidelines recommend lifelong). It prevents invasive pneumococcal disease, which is a leading cause of death in young SCD children. Pneumococcal vaccination is also essential but does not replace antibiotic prophylaxis.
Reference: Australian Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024; RCH Melbourne – 2023 – SCD CPG