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ERA – JIA subtype — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateIDERA – JIA subtypeRACP Paediatrics

A 10-year-old boy presents with arthritis of the knee, Achilles tendon insertion pain (enthesitis), and lower back stiffness. He is HLA-B27 positive. His father has ankylosing spondylitis. What is the most likely JIA subtype?

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Correct answer: B — JIA – enthesitis-related

Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) subtype: arthritis + enthesitis, often affecting lower limb large joints and axial skeleton, HLA-B27 positive, male predominance, family history of spondyloarthropathy. This subtype has the highest risk of progression to ankylosing spondylitis.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – JIA CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Rheumatology