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S. aureus – osteomyelitis older child — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyIDS. aureus – osteomyelitis older childRACP Paediatrics

An 8-year-old presents with acute osteomyelitis of the proximal tibia. He has no underlying medical conditions. What is the most likely causative organism?

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Correct answer: A — Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis in children >4 years. MSSA is more common than MRSA in Australia (though community MRSA rates are rising). Empirical treatment is IV flucloxacillin (adding vancomycin if MRSA is suspected based on risk factors or local epidemiology).

Reference: Australian Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024; RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Osteomyelitis CPG