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Ménétrier disease — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardGIMénétrier diseaseRACP Paediatrics

A 2-year-old presents with vomiting, oedema, and hypoalbuminaemia. Upper GI endoscopy shows giant cerebriform gastric folds. Biopsy shows foveolar hyperplasia with cystic dilatation of glands. There is CMV infection on immunohistochemistry. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Ménétrier disease

Giant gastric folds (hypertrophic gastropathy) with foveolar hyperplasia, protein-losing gastropathy, and CMV association in a young child is Ménétrier disease. Unlike adult Ménétrier disease (which is chronic and premalignant), childhood Ménétrier disease is usually self-limiting and often associated with CMV or H. pylori infection. Treatment is supportive with protein supplementation.

Reference: RACP Paediatric Curriculum – GI; RCH Melbourne – 2023