CF haemoptysis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateRespiratoryCF haemoptysisRACP Paediatrics

A 15-year-old with CF has a sudden large-volume haemoptysis (estimated 200 mL). SpO2 is 94%. What is the most likely source and most important immediate action?

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Correct answer: B — Cystic fibrosis

Massive haemoptysis in CF is usually from hypertrophied bronchial arteries. Immediate management includes positioning (affected side down if known), supplemental oxygen, cross-match blood, and urgent interventional radiology for bronchial artery embolisation. Tranexamic acid may be given. Avoid chest physiotherapy during active bleeding.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – CF CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Respiratory