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Caffeine – apnoea and BPD — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyNeonatalCaffeine – apnoea and BPDRACP Paediatrics

A premature infant is at risk of apnoea of prematurity. What medication is routinely used to reduce apnoea frequency and may also reduce the risk of BPD?

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Correct answer: B — Caffeine citrate

Caffeine citrate is standard of care for apnoea of prematurity. The CAP trial demonstrated that caffeine also significantly reduces BPD incidence and improves neurodevelopmental outcomes. It is typically commenced in all infants <32 weeks gestation. Loading dose is 20 mg/kg caffeine citrate (10 mg/kg caffeine base), maintenance 5-10 mg/kg/day.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Apnoea of Prematurity CPG; Schmidt B et al – CAP Trial