skip to main content

NAIT — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

HardNeonatalNAITRACP Paediatrics

A well term neonate has an isolated severe thrombocytopenia (platelets 15 × 10⁹/L) detected on day 1. The mother's platelet count is normal. There are petechiae but no hepatosplenomegaly. Cranial ultrasound shows an intracranial haemorrhage. What is the most likely cause?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: E — Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT)

Severe isolated thrombocytopenia in a well neonate born to a mother with normal platelets, especially with intracranial haemorrhage, is neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) until proven otherwise. It is caused by maternal antibodies against fetal platelet antigens (most commonly HPA-1a). Treatment is with HPA-matched or HPA-1a negative platelets or IVIg. Random donor platelets may be given urgently while matched platelets are sourced.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Neonatal Thrombocytopenia CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Neonatology