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RDS – CPAP — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateRespiratoryRDS – CPAPRACP Paediatrics

A premature infant (32 weeks) at 6 hours of age has moderate RDS with grunting, nasal flaring, and FiO2 requirement of 0.35. The infant is breathing spontaneously. What is the most appropriate initial respiratory support?

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Correct answer: B — CPAP

CPAP is the preferred initial respiratory support for spontaneously breathing preterm infants with RDS. It provides continuous positive airway pressure to maintain functional residual capacity and prevent alveolar collapse. Surfactant can be administered via the LISA/MIST technique (less invasive surfactant administration) while on CPAP.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Neonatal RDS CPG; ANZCOR – 2024 – Neonatal Guidelines