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Early-onset GBS sepsis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyNeonatalEarly-onset GBS sepsisRACP Paediatrics

A term neonate born after prolonged rupture of membranes (24 hours) develops respiratory distress, temperature instability, and poor feeding at 14 hours of age. Blood cultures are taken. CRP is rising. Maternal GBS status is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Early-onset GBS sepsis

Onset of sepsis in the first 72 hours (typically <24 hours) in a term neonate with risk factors including prolonged rupture of membranes and positive maternal GBS colonisation is most likely early-onset GBS sepsis. Empirical treatment with IV benzylpenicillin (or ampicillin) and IV gentamicin should be commenced immediately.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Neonatal Sepsis CPG; Australian Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024 – Antibiotic