skip to main content

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

ModerateNeonatalCongenital diaphragmatic herniaRACP Paediatrics

A newborn develops immediate respiratory distress at birth with a scaphoid abdomen and absent breath sounds on the left. Heart sounds are heard on the right. Chest X-ray shows bowel loops in the left hemithorax with mediastinal shift. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: B — Congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Respiratory distress at birth with a scaphoid abdomen, absent breath sounds on the affected side, and CXR showing bowel in the hemithorax with mediastinal shift is diagnostic of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (usually left-sided, Bochdalek type). Immediate intubation (avoid bag-mask ventilation), NG decompression, and surgical repair are required.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Neonatology