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Primary hypertension — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyNephrologyPrimary hypertensionRACP Paediatrics

A 15-year-old overweight adolescent is found to have blood pressure 145/92 mmHg on three separate occasions. He has a BMI of 32 and a strong family history of hypertension. Renal function and renal ultrasound are normal. What is the most likely cause?

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Correct answer: E — Primary (essential) hypertension

Primary (essential) hypertension is the most common cause of hypertension in adolescents, particularly those who are overweight with a positive family history. It is associated with obesity, dietary salt intake, and sedentary lifestyle. Management includes lifestyle modification first.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Hypertension CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Nephrology