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First febrile UTI — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyNephrologyFirst febrile UTIRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old girl presents with her first febrile UTI (E. coli on culture). She responds well to oral antibiotics. What is the most appropriate initial investigation?

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Correct answer: D — Renal ultrasound

Per Australian guidelines (based on NICE and local practice), all children with a first febrile UTI should have a renal ultrasound to assess for structural abnormalities. MCUG is not routinely performed after a first UTI unless the ultrasound is abnormal or there are atypical features.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Urinary Tract Infection CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Nephrology