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EBV infectious mononucleosis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyIDEBV infectious mononucleosisRACP Paediatrics

A 15-year-old presents with 2 weeks of fatigue, sore throat, and bilateral posterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Examination reveals tonsillar enlargement with exudate and hepatosplenomegaly. FBC shows atypical lymphocytes. Monospot is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: D — Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)

Fatigue, pharyngitis with tonsillar exudate, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytes, and a positive heterophile antibody test (monospot) confirm infectious mononucleosis (EBV). Management is supportive. Contact sports should be avoided until splenomegaly resolves to reduce splenic rupture risk.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Cervical Lymphadenopathy CPG; RACP Paediatric Curriculum – ID