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Autism spectrum disorder — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyNeurologyAutism spectrum disorderRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old boy presents with limited eye contact, repetitive lining up of toy cars, distress with changes in routine, and no phrase speech. He does not point to show interest or respond to his name. Hearing is normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: D — Autism spectrum disorder

Restricted and repetitive behaviours (lining up objects, inflexible routines) with deficits in social communication and interaction (limited eye contact, lack of joint attention, not responding to name) meet DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder. Early intervention with evidence-based therapies is critical.

Reference: RACP Paediatric Curriculum – Neurodevelopment; RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Autism CPG