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Mycoplasma pneumonia — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateRespiratoryMycoplasma pneumoniaRACP Paediatrics

A 10-year-old presents with gradual onset dry cough, low-grade fever, headache, and malaise over 7 days. Chest X-ray shows bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates. Mycoplasma IgM is positive. What is the most appropriate management?

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Correct answer: D — Oral azithromycin

The clinical picture of an older child with gradual onset, dry cough, and diffuse interstitial infiltrates with positive Mycoplasma serology indicates Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (atypical pneumonia). Azithromycin is the first-line treatment for atypical pneumonia in children.

Reference: Australian Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024 – Antibiotic; RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Pneumonia CPG