skip to main content

Protracted bacterial bronchitis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

ModerateRespiratoryProtracted bacterial bronchitisRACP Paediatrics

A 2-year-old has had a persistent wet cough for 6 weeks following an upper respiratory tract infection. There are no systemic features and the child is growing normally. A trial of antibiotics for 2 weeks resulted in resolution that recurred after cessation. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: B — Protracted bacterial bronchitis

Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is defined as a chronic wet cough lasting >4 weeks that resolves with a 2-4 week course of appropriate antibiotics (amoxicillin-clavulanate first-line). It is the most common cause of chronic wet cough in preschool children.

Reference: Australian Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024 – Respiratory; RCH Melbourne – 2023 – Chronic Cough CPG