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Metformin and Contrast — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ

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HardClinical PharmacologyMetformin and ContrastRACP Adult Medicine

A 65-year-old taking metformin has stable eGFR 38 mL/min/1.73 m² and no acute kidney injury. He requires routine IV iodinated contrast CT, not an intra-arterial first-pass renal exposure. Which metformin plan is appropriate under the RANZCR guideline?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: BContinue metformin through the IV contrast study and monitor kidney function if the clinical course changes

Explanation lettering: E = shown as C · C = shown as D · D = shown as E

B is correct. RANZCR does not require routine metformin interruption for stable IV contrast exposure when eGFR is at least 30 mL/min/1.73 m² and there is no AKI. The concern is not a direct metformin–contrast reaction but accumulation if substantial kidney injury occurs. C applies a blanket, excessive interruption. D uses an outdated higher threshold without the relevant route and AKI distinctions. E overstates an extremely uncommon complication and denies useful therapy. A proposes an invasive treatment with no indication. Metformin should be withheld at or before contrast in AKI or eGFR below 30 and restarted after about 48 hours only when kidney function is confirmed stable.

Reference: RANZCR: Iodinated contrast media guideline: https://www.ranzcr.com/document/iodinated-contrast-guidelines-2016/