skip to main content

Chronic Hepatitis B — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

HardGastroenterology & HepatologyChronic Hepatitis BRACP Adult Medicine

A 62-year-old has HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, HBV DNA 8500 IU/mL, persistently elevated ALT and significant fibrosis. He also has eGFR 42 mL/min/1.73 m² and osteoporosis, with no prior lamivudine exposure. Which oral antiviral is the best first-line choice?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: BCommence entecavir with renal dose adjustment and continued virological and fibrosis monitoring

Explanation lettering: B = shown as A · E = shown as B · A = shown as E

E is correct. Treatment is indicated by active viral replication, elevated ALT and significant fibrosis. Entecavir and tenofovir are Australian first-line agents; in a treatment-naive patient with CKD and osteoporosis, renal-adjusted entecavir avoids the renal and bone disadvantages of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. A, B and C have inferior resistance or toxicity profiles and are not preferred first-line options. D selects the tenofovir formulation least attractive for this comorbidity pattern; tenofovir alafenamide may be another specialist option where available and appropriate. Long-term adherence, HBV DNA response, renal function, fibrosis and hepatocellular-carcinoma surveillance remain necessary because viral suppression does not eliminate cancer risk.

Reference: ASHM: Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection: https://testingportal.ashm.org.au/treatment-of-chronic-hepatitis-b-virus-infection/