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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ

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EasyRheumatologySystemic Lupus ErythematosusRACP Adult Medicine

A 28-year-old woman presents with a malar rash, arthralgia, oral ulcers, and serositis. ANA is positive at 1:640 with a homogeneous pattern. Anti-dsDNA antibodies are elevated and complement C3 and C4 are low. What is the most important medication that ALL patients with SLE should receive?

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Correct answer: B — Hydroxychloroquine

Hydroxychloroquine is recommended for ALL patients with SLE unless contraindicated. It reduces flares, organ damage accrual, thrombotic events, and improves survival. The dose should not exceed 5 mg/kg/day to minimise retinal toxicity risk. Annual ophthalmological screening is recommended after 5 years of use (or sooner with risk factors).

Reference: eTG – 2025 – Rheumatology; EULAR – 2023 – SLE Treatment Recommendations