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Fever in SCD — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyHaematology & OncologyFever in SCDRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old child with sickle cell disease develops fever of 39°C. He has a central venous access device. What is the immediate management?

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Correct answer: A — Immediate blood cultures and empirical IV broad-spectrum antibiotics covering encapsulated organisms (within 60 minutes)

Febrile illness in SCD is a medical emergency due to functional asplenia and risk of overwhelming sepsis (particularly S. pneumoniae). Blood cultures and empirical IV antibiotics (e.g. ceftriaxone) must be given within 60 minutes. Even well-appearing febrile SCD children must be assessed and treated urgently.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Sickle Cell Disease