Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateNeonatologyLate-Onset Neonatal SepsisRACP Paediatrics

A preterm infant at 27 weeks develops late-onset sepsis at 14 days of life. Blood cultures grow coagulase-negative staphylococci. What is the most common organism causing late-onset neonatal sepsis in NICU?

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Correct answer: D — Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS)

Late-onset neonatal sepsis (>72 hours): CoNS is the most common causative organism in NICU settings, primarily related to central venous catheter colonisation. Other causes include S. aureus, Gram-negative organisms (E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas), and Candida. Empirical therapy is typically vancomycin + gentamicin.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Neonatal Sepsis