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Neonatal TB Prophylaxis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardInfectious DiseaseNeonatal TB ProphylaxisRACP Paediatrics

A neonate born to a mother with active tuberculosis (sputum AFB positive) should receive what prophylaxis if the neonate is well?

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Correct answer: C — Isoniazid prophylaxis for 6 months and delay BCG until after completing prophylaxis

Neonates exposed to a mother with active TB should receive isoniazid prophylaxis (10 mg/kg/day) for 6 months. BCG vaccination is deferred until isoniazid is completed. If Mantoux is negative at 6 months, BCG can be given. The infant can breastfeed (with mother wearing a mask) and does not need to be separated if the mother is on treatment.

Reference: Australian Immunisation Handbook – 2025 – Tuberculosis