Narcolepsy Type 1 — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardNeurology & DevelopmentNarcolepsy Type 1RACP Paediatrics

A 12-year-old presents with excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden episodes of muscle weakness triggered by laughter (cataplexy). Sleep study shows shortened sleep latency and ≥2 sleep-onset REM periods on MSLT. What is the diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Narcolepsy type 1

Narcolepsy type 1 is characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy (sudden muscle weakness triggered by emotions), sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations. Diagnosis requires MSLT showing mean sleep latency <8 min with ≥2 SOREMPs. Caused by hypocretin (orexin) deficiency. Treatment includes stimulants and sodium oxybate.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Sleep Disorders