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Hookworm and Iron Deficiency — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateCommunity & Indigenous HealthHookworm and Iron DeficiencyRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old Aboriginal child in a remote community has been commenced on iron supplementation for iron deficiency anaemia. After 1 month, his Hb has not improved. He continues to have hookworm ova in his stool. What additional treatment is needed?

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Correct answer: B — Oral albendazole for hookworm eradication

Hookworm (Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus) causes chronic blood loss and iron deficiency. Iron supplementation alone will not correct anaemia if the ongoing blood loss from hookworm infection is not treated. Oral albendazole (400 mg single dose, may need repeating) is the standard anthelmintic treatment. Environmental health measures (footwear, sanitation) are also essential.

Reference: Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024 – Antibiotic: Hookworm