CSOM in Indigenous Children — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateCommunity & Indigenous HealthCSOM in Indigenous ChildrenRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old Aboriginal child in a remote community presents with bilateral purulent ear discharge for 6 weeks. On examination, there is a central perforation of both tympanic membranes with mucopurulent discharge. What is the diagnosis?

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Correct answer: D — Otitis externa

CSOM is defined as persistent ear discharge through a perforated tympanic membrane for >6 weeks. It is endemic in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities (prevalence >4%, qualifying as a 'massive public health problem' by WHO definition). Management includes aural toilet and topical ciprofloxacin drops. Hearing assessment is essential as CSOM causes significant conductive hearing loss affecting language development.

Reference: NHMRC – 2024 – Recommendations for Management of Otitis Media in Aboriginal Children