skip to main content

Febrile Neutropenia Timing — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

EasyHaematology & OncologyFebrile Neutropenia TimingRACP Paediatrics

A 6-year-old with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia develops fever (39°C) during chemotherapy. His ANC is 0.3 x 10^9/L. What is the most important initial action?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: B — Immediate blood cultures and empirical IV broad-spectrum antibiotics (within 60 minutes of presentation)

Febrile neutropenia (fever ≥38°C with ANC <0.5 x 10^9/L) is a medical emergency. Blood cultures and empirical IV antibiotics (piperacillin-tazobactam or cefepime) must be commenced within 60 minutes of presentation ('door-to-needle time'). Delayed antibiotic administration is associated with increased mortality.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Febrile Neutropenia