MOGAD — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardNeurology & DevelopmentMOGADRACP Paediatrics

A 10-year-old girl presents with bilateral optic neuritis. MOG-IgG antibody is positive. AQP4 antibody is negative. She had an episode of transverse myelitis 6 months ago. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: A — MOG antibody-associated disease

MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an important differential for paediatric demyelinating syndromes. It can present as ADEM, optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, or combinations thereof. MOG-IgG positive with AQP4-IgG negative distinguishes it from NMOSD. Treatment includes acute immunotherapy and consideration of maintenance immunosuppression for relapsing disease.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Demyelinating Disorders