Acute Pericarditis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateCardiologyAcute PericarditisRACP Paediatrics

A 10-year-old presents with chest pain that is worse on lying down and relieved by sitting forward. ECG shows widespread concave ST elevation. A pericardial rub is heard. What is the diagnosis?

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Correct answer: A — Acute pericarditis

Acute pericarditis presents with pleuritic chest pain worse lying down and improved sitting forward, pericardial friction rub, and widespread concave ('saddle-shaped') ST elevation on ECG. In children, most cases are viral (or idiopathic). Treatment includes NSAIDs and colchicine. Echocardiography assesses for pericardial effusion.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Pericarditis