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Eisenmenger Syndrome — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardCardiologyEisenmenger SyndromeRACP Paediatrics

A 2-year-old with Down syndrome and a repaired AVSD has persistent pulmonary hypertension on echocardiogram. Catheterisation shows elevated pulmonary vascular resistance that does not respond to vasodilators. What is this condition called?

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Correct answer: C — Eisenmenger syndrome

Eisenmenger syndrome occurs when a long-standing left-to-right shunt causes irreversible pulmonary vascular disease, resulting in shunt reversal (right-to-left) and cyanosis. Once established, it is a contraindication to surgical repair of the original defect.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Pulmonary Hypertension