Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis Recurrence — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyRespiratoryProtracted Bacterial Bronchitis RecurrenceRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old presents with a 6-week history of moist cough that resolves with a 2-week course of oral amoxicillin but recurs within days of stopping. CXR is normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: C — Protracted bacterial bronchitis

PBB is defined as chronic wet cough (>4 weeks) that resolves with appropriate antibiotics (typically amoxicillin-clavulanate for 2-4 weeks). It is the most common cause of chronic wet cough in preschool children.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Chronic Cough