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Retinoblastoma — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateHaematology & OncologyRetinoblastomaRACP Paediatrics

A 2-year-old presents with a white reflex (leukocoria) in the left eye noticed in a photograph. What is the most important diagnosis to exclude?

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Correct answer: B — Retinoblastoma

Leukocoria (white pupillary reflex) in a young child is retinoblastoma until proven otherwise. Urgent ophthalmology referral for dilated fundoscopy is required. Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children. RB1 gene mutation. Bilateral in 30-40%.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Leukocoria