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IgA Nephropathy — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateNephrologyIgA NephropathyRACP Paediatrics

A 7-year-old presents with sudden onset of painless visible haematuria 2 days after an upper respiratory tract infection. Urinalysis shows dysmorphic red blood cells and red cell casts. C3 is normal. IgA is elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: B — IgA nephropathy

IgA nephropathy (Berger disease): episodic macroscopic haematuria typically occurring within 1-2 days of an URTI (synpharyngitic haematuria). Normal complement distinguishes it from PSGN. Diagnosis confirmed by renal biopsy showing mesangial IgA deposits.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Glomerulonephritis