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Respiratory Distress Syndrome — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyRespiratoryRespiratory Distress SyndromeRACP Paediatrics

A preterm infant born at 26 weeks develops respiratory distress within minutes of birth. CXR shows bilateral ground-glass appearance with air bronchograms and low lung volumes. What is the underlying pathology?

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Correct answer: B — Surfactant deficiency

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) results from surfactant deficiency in premature lungs. CXR shows bilateral ground-glass opacification with air bronchograms and reduced lung volumes.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Respiratory Distress Syndrome