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JIA-Associated Uveitis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateRheumatologyJIA-Associated UveitisRACP Paediatrics

A 4-year-old girl with oligoarticular JIA and positive ANA has never had an ophthalmology review. She has no visual symptoms. Why is routine slit-lamp examination essential?

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Correct answer: D — To detect chronic anterior uveitis which is usually asymptomatic

Chronic anterior uveitis in JIA is typically asymptomatic (white and painless eye) and can lead to permanent visual loss if not detected and treated early. ANA-positive oligoarticular JIA has the highest risk. Screening slit-lamp examinations should be performed every 3 months in high-risk children. Complications include posterior synechiae, cataracts, band keratopathy, and glaucoma.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis