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Respiratory Distress Syndrome — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardNeonatologyRespiratory Distress SyndromeRACP Paediatrics

A preterm infant born at 26 weeks gestation receives surfactant therapy for respiratory distress syndrome. Which statement about surfactant therapy is correct?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: C — It is given via endotracheal tube or thin catheter (LISA technique)

Surfactant can be administered via an endotracheal tube (during intubation) or increasingly via the less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) technique using a thin catheter while the infant remains on CPAP. Natural (animal-derived) surfactants are generally preferred over synthetic preparations. Early rescue surfactant (within the first 2 hours if signs of RDS) improves outcomes.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Respiratory Distress Syndrome