Neuroblastoma — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateHaematology & OncologyNeuroblastomaRACP Paediatrics

A 2-year-old presents with an abdominal mass that crosses the midline. CT shows a mass arising from the left adrenal gland with calcifications. Urine catecholamines (VMA and HVA) are elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma arises from neural crest cells, most commonly in the adrenal gland. It characteristically crosses the midline (unlike Wilms tumour), contains calcifications, and produces catecholamines (elevated urinary VMA and HVA). Staging with MIBG scan is important. Prognosis varies widely; MYCN amplification indicates poor prognosis.

Reference: ANZCHOG – 2024 – Treatment Guidelines: Neuroblastoma