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Neurocysticercosis — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardInfectious DiseaseNeurocysticercosisRACP Paediatrics

A 5-year-old child presents with a ring-enhancing lesion on CT brain, seizures, and fever. He recently arrived in Australia from a rural area in South-East Asia. Serology for Taenia solium is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: D — Neurocysticercosis

Ring-enhancing lesions on CT with positive Taenia solium serology in a child from an endemic area (South-East Asia, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa) is consistent with neurocysticercosis, the most common cause of acquired epilepsy worldwide. Treatment includes albendazole, corticosteroids, and anti-seizure medication.

Reference: Therapeutic Guidelines – 2024 – Antibiotic: Parasitic Infections