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Urinary Tract Infection — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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ModerateInfectious DiseaseUrinary Tract InfectionRACP Paediatrics

A 6-month-old infant presents with a UTI. Urine culture grows E. coli >10⁸ CFU/L. She is febrile (39°C) but drinking well, not vomiting, and is haemodynamically stable. According to Australian guidelines, what is the most appropriate management?

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Correct answer: B — Oral amoxicillin-clavulanate or cefalexin for 7–10 days

A febrile UTI in an infant >3 months who is well-appearing, tolerating oral fluids, and not septic can be managed with oral antibiotics for 7–10 days. Suitable agents include amoxicillin-clavulanate or cefalexin, guided by sensitivities. A renal ultrasound should be performed after the first febrile UTI in children under 2 years. An MCUG is considered if the ultrasound is abnormal or there is recurrence.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Urinary Tract Infection