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Posterior Fossa Tumour — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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HardNeurology & DevelopmentPosterior Fossa TumourRACP Paediatrics

A 7-year-old girl presents with headache, vomiting, and ataxia. On examination, she has papilloedema and bilateral sixth nerve palsies. MRI brain shows a posterior fossa mass with obstructive hydrocephalus. What is the most common posterior fossa tumour in children?

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Correct answer: C — Pilocytic astrocytoma

Pilocytic astrocytoma (cerebellar astrocytoma) is the most common posterior fossa tumour in children overall. However, medulloblastoma is the most common malignant posterior fossa tumour. Pilocytic astrocytomas are typically cystic with a mural nodule and have an excellent prognosis following surgical resection. Craniopharyngiomas arise in the sellar/suprasellar region.

Reference: RCH Melbourne – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Brain Tumours in Children