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Autism Spectrum Disorder — RACP Paediatrics MCQ

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EasyNeurology & DevelopmentAutism Spectrum DisorderRACP Paediatrics

A 3-year-old child presents with speech delay. He says only 5 single words. He does not point to objects of interest, has poor eye contact, engages in repetitive hand flapping, and lines up toys. His hearing is normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: E — Autism spectrum disorder

The combination of speech and language delay with impaired social communication (poor eye contact, absent pointing, lack of joint attention) and restricted/repetitive behaviours (hand flapping, lining up toys) meets DSM-5 criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Formal developmental assessment and referral to a multidisciplinary team for diagnosis is indicated.

Reference: RACP – 2024 – Clinical Practice Guidelines: Assessment and Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder