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HTLV-1 Myelopathy — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ

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HardNeurologyHTLV-1 MyelopathyRACP Adult Medicine

A patient with cirrhosis has a new 22 mm lesion on surveillance ultrasound. Multiphasic CT shows arterial-phase hyperenhancement and portal-venous washout. AFP is normal. What is the best interpretation?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

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Correct answer: AStage as HCC using the characteristic multiphasic imaging pattern

Explanation lettering: C = shown as A · D = shown as B · B = shown as C · E = shown as D · A = shown as E

C is correct. In an at-risk cirrhotic liver, a lesion over 1 cm with characteristic arterial enhancement and washout can establish HCC non-invasively and should proceed to staging/MDT review. D overvalues AFP. E delays care. A biopsy is reserved for indeterminate imaging or alternative diagnosis. B reverses the significance of washout.

Reference: Medical Journal of Australia, Australian recommendations for management of hepatocellular carcinoma: https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2021/214/10/australian-recommendations-management-hepatocellular-carcinoma-consensus