Triple Whammy Hyperkalaemia — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ
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Correct answer: B — NSAIDs (ibuprofen) in combination with RAAS blockade and MRA
The 'triple whammy' of ACEi/ARB + MRA (spironolactone) + NSAID in CKD is a well-recognised cause of dangerous hyperkalaemia and AKI. NSAIDs reduce renal perfusion (prostaglandin-mediated), compounding the hyperkalaemic effects of RAAS blockade and spironolactone. The NSAID must be ceased immediately. ECG changes mandate emergency treatment with IV calcium gluconate.
Reference: AMH – 2025 – Drug Interactions; NPS MedicineWise 2024 Triple Whammy