skip to main content

Primary Hyperparathyroidism — RACP Adult Medicine MCQ

Instant feedback + full explanation. One question, done properly.

HardEndocrinologyPrimary HyperparathyroidismRACP Adult Medicine

A 57-year-old has biochemically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism, eGFR 54 mL/min/1.73 m² and a calcium-oxalate stone. Ultrasound and sestamibi imaging do not localise an adenoma. What is the best management?

Educational content. Not a substitute for clinical judgement or local policy.

Reveal the answer and explanation

Correct answer: CRefer for parathyroidectomy and let the surgical team plan further localisation

Explanation lettering: E = shown as A · A = shown as C · C = shown as D · D = shown as E

A is correct because renal impairment and nephrolithiasis are surgical indications; imaging localises operative anatomy but neither establishes nor excludes the biochemical diagnosis. B offers biochemical control but is not the curative strategy for an operable patient with complications. C reverses the correct diagnostic sequence. D ignores two independent surgical indications. E delays definitive care and adds low-yield radiation. An experienced parathyroid surgeon can plan bilateral exploration or additional imaging when first-line studies are discordant.

Reference: Endocrine Society of Australia, hyperparathyroidism guidance: https://www.endocrinesociety.org.au/guidelines.asp; Endocrine Society, Primary hyperparathyroidism guideline: https://www.endocrine.org/clinical-practice-guidelines/primary-hyperparathyroidism