HbA1c Screening for Diabetes — NDEB AFK MCQ

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ModerateMedical Emergencies in DentistryHbA1c Screening for DiabetesNDEB AFK

Which laboratory test best screens for diabetes mellitus in a dental patient with unexplained xerostomia and recurrent candidiasis?

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Correct answer: B — Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)

HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) is the best screening test for diabetes mellitus — it reflects average blood glucose control over the preceding 2-3 months without requiring fasting. An HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol is diagnostic of diabetes; 39-46 mmol/mol indicates prediabetes. Unexplained xerostomia and recurrent oral candidiasis are recognised oral manifestations of undiagnosed or poorly controlled diabetes. The dentist plays an important role in identifying potential undiagnosed diabetic patients through recognition of oral signs and appropriate referral for medical evaluation.

Reference: CDA – Diabetes and Oral Health; Malamed – Medical Emergencies, 8th ed., 2022