Informed Consent Process — NDEB AFK MCQ
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Correct answer: E — An ongoing process involving disclosure of diagnosis, treatment options, risks, benefits, alternatives, and consequences of non-treatment, ensuring patient understanding and voluntary agreement
Informed consent is a process (not merely a signed form) requiring: (1) adequate disclosure (diagnosis, proposed treatment, material risks and benefits, alternatives including no treatment, prognosis); (2) patient capacity to understand and appreciate the information; (3) voluntary agreement without coercion; (4) specificity to the proposed treatment. The landmark Canadian case Reibl v Hughes (1980, SCC) established that disclosure must include what a reasonable patient would want to know. Documentation of the consent process is recommended but is evidence of the process, not the consent itself.
Reference: Reibl v Hughes, Supreme Court of Canada, 1980; CDA – Code of Ethics