Coronoid Hyperplasia — NDEB AFK MCQ

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HardOral SurgeryCoronoid HyperplasiaNDEB AFK

A middle-aged male presents with progressive trismus and difficulty opening his mouth. There is no history of trauma or infection. Panoramic radiograph shows bilateral enlargement and radiopacity of the coronoid processes. What is the most likely diagnosis?

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Correct answer: A — Coronoid hyperplasia (bilateral)

Bilateral coronoid hyperplasia is a rare condition characterised by progressive, painless limitation of mouth opening (trismus) due to enlarged coronoid processes impinging on the medial surface of the zygomatic arch during opening. Radiographically, the coronoid processes appear elongated and/or bulbous. It must be distinguished from TMJ ankylosis (which restricts opening at the joint level) and from intracapsular pathology. Treatment is bilateral coronoidectomy (surgical removal of the coronoid processes), which restores mouth opening.

Reference: Hupp – Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 7th ed., 2019