Fluorosis Histology — NDEB AFK MCQ
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Correct answer: D — Subsurface porosity of enamel (hypomineralised subsurface) with relatively well-mineralised surface layer
Dental fluorosis results from excessive fluoride exposure during amelogenesis. Fluoride interferes with ameloblast function during the maturation stage (inhibiting removal of amelogenin protein), resulting in a characteristic subsurface porosity — the enamel has a relatively well-mineralised surface layer but a hypomineralised (porous) subsurface zone containing retained organic matrix. Clinically, this appears as white opacities (mild) to brown staining and pitting (severe). The degree of porosity determines severity (Dean classification: questionable, very mild, mild, moderate, severe).
Reference: Fejerskov & Kidd – Dental Caries: The Disease and Its Clinical Management, 3rd ed., 2015